The Titanic Is One Of The Greatest And Most Known Boat Disaster In His

The Titanic is one of the greatest and most known boat disaster in history. On April 19, 1912, the Titanic was making good time towards New York, when it scraped against an iceberg. It sunk three hours later, before any boats could come and rescue the passengers still aboard. As we look back on the disaster today, we see many ways in which the tragedy might have been prevented, or lessened in severity. On April 19, the Titanic scraped against an iceberg leaving six big holes. They measured six feet long, six feet wide, and were located on the left side of the boat. The Titanic was originally designed so three of her twelve air-tight compartments could be filled with water and she would still be able to float. When the holes were created though, six of the compartments were filled, and the boat began to sink (Titanic 1). Hours before they reached the danger zone, Titanics crew was warned several times about the ice, and advised to slow down, or take another route. After two hours of the warnings, the wireless messaging system was turned off so that they would not have to listen to, or to the warnings, and they continued in the same direction at the same speed as before (Ballard, Robert). The Titanic was a great ship at its time said Rebecca Renkola (Kelly Thomas). That is part of the reason why the disaster occurred. People thought it was unsinkable, so they made no special precautions. For example, there were only the minimum required number of lifeboats aboard, and when the boat sank, the average number aboard was twenty-eight, when the maximum capacity was sixty. The day before she sunk, the lifeboat drill was canceled because of the belief that the boat could and would not sink. If they had had the lifeboat drill, more people might have been boarded into the lifeboats, and more lives might have been saved,said Rebecca Renkola (Kelly Thomas). Another way the disaster could have been prevented, was that if the crew had slowed the boat down, and not tried to show off by arriving early in New York, the boat might have been able to steer clear of the ice.. The belief most people have in how the Titanic sank, is because it hit an iceberg, Causing six holes, and then sank. But is that really what happened? According to a legend, the mummy of Princess of Amen-Ra, was thrown into the Nile River, and then found by four English men hundreds of years later. They transported the mummy to England, and within a week, every one of them died supposedly because of a curse. Once in England, the mummy was moved to a museum, but everyone who helped died just like the Four English men. Finally, after costing many lives, the mummy was placed on display. Still the restless spirit haunted the museum by ruining other exhibits,and killing the watchman at night. Eventually, the museum management sold the mummy to an English collector. Knowing that it would not be taken aboard the boat, he arranged for it to be hidden in the body of an automobile which was also bound for New York. On the day of her maiden voyage, the English man boarded with the boat with other first class passengers, and the voyage began. On April 19, knowing that there was no way to discard the mummy, the English man told the other passengers about his cursed cargo. Immediately, the boat picked up its speed and changed course. In a few hours, the boat struck an iceberg and began to sink to its present position at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. The boats name was the Titanic (Titanic 2). The majority of the survivors were women and children. In the first class, 54 men and 145 women survived, leaving 119 men and 11 women dead. In the second class, 15 men and 104 women survived, but 142 men, and 24 women were never accounted for. In the third class, the number of surviving men was 69 and for women 105, but 417 men and 119 women lost their lives. Titanics crew was made of 876 men, and the water 682 lives (Kelly Thomas).

What I Wish Everyone Knew About Lab Reports

What I Wish Everyone Knew About Lab Reports The most effective way to demonstrate your understanding of a scientific investigation is to write a lab report. You should be able to convey to your teacher or professor that you understand the content. In a broader sense, the purpose is to share your scientific knowledge that youve gained with the scientific community. Your audience is going to want to be able to both gain knowledge from your report and to make sure that your arguments and observations are valid and based on evidence.There are several things to consider if you want to effectively communicate your findings:Do I understand the content of the experiment that Ive conducted?Is there a specific style of writing I should use?What are the specific details that should be present in each specific section?This guide will both help you think through the process and understand the standard parts that your report should include.Do you understand what happened during the investigation?Before you go about the task of writing your lab report, you must first have a firm understanding of what occurred during your experiment:Your experiment must be conducted in a scientific manner. Scientific experiments must be carried out so that you are testing only one thing at a time. For example, if you wanted to compare several substances to see how much of each one can dissolve in a given liquid such as water, you would want to keep all the conditions the same. If your substances were sugar, salt, calcium chloride, and zinc oxide, you would follow the same procedure to see how much of each one would dissolve in water (their solubility). You would need to use the same amount of water and keep all conditions the same, dissolving the substances in the same liquid until no more will dissolve.You also want to make sure that you are making accurate measurements and recording your data in a chart or in a lab notebook. Often, a professor (or lab book) will provide you with a specific step-by-step procedure to follow. If so, make sure that you are following the steps as closely as possible, asking questions of the teacher or professor as needed.When youve finished the experiment, you should make sure that you fully understand whats taken place. Consult with your lab partner if you have one to make sure that both of you are on the same page as far as your understanding. It helps to ask yourself questions once you have your data to make sure that you are ready to write up your results. Ask yourself the following questions before you begin to write your report. If you find yourself unable to answer the following questions, you may need to ask your professor for clarification, talk with your lab partner, or do some research on your own to clarify your results:What did you learn from the experiment?Can you communicate the results to someone else with clear and easy terms?Are there any questions you have about what took place?What writing style should you use?With any writing task, you must first consider your au dience. Your audience for a lab report is often a teacher or a professor, but it should also be the greater scientific community. You want to communicate in a concise, professional manner and give yourself credibility with proper grammar and research-backed observations.Remember that your audience is your professor or the greater scientific community. This means that you should write your report as if it might actually be published in a scholarly journal. Try to avoid wordy sentences and make sure that you begin each paragraph with a sentence that sets the tone for the content of that paragraph. Your thoughts and ideas should be your own. If you borrow someones ideas or quote someone, be sure to correctly cite your references according to your professor or teachers requirements.Be aware of the tense that you use. When you are referring to your results, you should use the past tense. When you are making reference to the report itself, the equipment or any theories that pertain to the research, use the present tense. For example, Sugar was found to be much more soluble in water at fifty-five degrees than salt. After measuring the solubility at several temperatures and seeing similar results, we came to the conclusion that sugar is more soluble in water than salt.Its generally a good idea to use the active voice in lab reports. This way you can express yourself in a brief manner and get to the point. For example, It was observed by the group that the solubility of substance A was much greater than substance B is passive and much less concise than the active voice: We observed a greater solubility with sugar than salt.Avoid the repetition of words to allow your writing to be more interesting and engaging. It can be tricky with science writing because you are often repeating types of equipment or concepts. Sometimes, its as simple as turning a noun into a pronoun when you need to mention the same substance or piece of equipment twice in one sentence. For example, A t fifty-five degrees Celsius, Calcium sulfate was found to be more soluble in water than when we tested it at four-five degrees.Read what you have written to be sure of sentence structure and flow, which is something that is often missed with computer spelling and grammar check programs. You can also catch obvious grammar and spelling errors as you correct and improve the structure of your sentences.How do you organize the details of a lab report?The way in which data is organized in a lab report can vary according to the standards of a school or specific requirements of a professor. However, there is a general structure that most lab reports include that more or less follows the scientific method. Most investigations framed this way require you to discuss the relevant research; discuss the purpose; form a hypothesis; test it; and then once you have the results, make the decision as to whether or not those results back up that hypothesis. Most lab reports require you to include an i ntroduction, a methods section, a results section, a discussion section, and possibly, a further reading section.The introduction is extremely important because it sets the tone for the entire report. Here, you need to include research that is related to the topic of your investigation. Once the groundwork is laid, you should state your purpose for the investigation, which is often confused with the hypothesis. The purpose is a more general statement that is narrowed with the formation of a hypothesis. For example, the statement, the purpose of this investigation is to test ideas about factors that increase the rate of a chemical reaction is a general statement. The hypothesis is a more specific statement or question that narrows or specifies the focus of the experiment: We hypothesized that increasing the surface area and temperature of the reactants would increase the rate of the reaction.The methods section is where you describe in detail the way that you tested your hypothesis. Some sources refer to this as the procedure that you followed when you tested your hypothesis. It is important to include as much detail here as possible so that someone could repeat the steps of your investigation just as you performed them. It is also important not to discuss the results in this section.In the results section, you are presenting the raw data and making statements about how it relates to your hypothesis. It is tempting to begin forming conclusions about what the results mean, but that should be reserved for the next section. Here it is enough to make short statements such as Crushing the reactants into powders resulted in shorter chemical reaction times. This is not where you would discuss why the results happened in that manner. You may also want to include charts and graphs to illustrate the relevant data. Your tables should include a title and the data should be arranged vertically. Check with your professor to see if they would prefer that information in this s ection or the appendices.The discussion section is very important because here you are fleshing out the implications of the results. In this section, you should again discuss how the data either supports or disproves your hypothesis. If there is any data that appears to be different from the rest of the information, you want to point that out. This section is where you will form a definitive conclusion based on your results: Based on the data we obtained, we can conclude that increasing the surface area of a reactant will indeed result in a faster chemical reaction. If possible, you should relate your conclusions to the research you discussed in the introduction. Finally, if there are any further questions that your conclusion brings to mind, you should discuss those here. Any practical implications or uses for the conclusions you have drawn should also be fleshed out here.Finally, many professors require a further reading section that lists references relevant to your experiment. O ften, this is a list of articles and books that explore the topic of your investigation in much more detail. This is different from a references page, which should come at the end of your report. Check with your professor as to which format they wish you to use for citing references.To write an effective lab report, it is important that you conduct your experiment in a scientific manner, testing only one factor at a time. Once you have obtained your results, make certain that you understand whats taken place, asking questions of your lab partner(s) and professor as needed. When you begin writing your report, consider your audience, making sure that you are sharing your own thoughts or ideas, and giving credit where it is due for your sources.Finally, follow the scientific method, making sure to include relevant research, a valid purpose and hypothesis, results section that clearly shows your raw data, and a discussion section that discusses its implications. If you follow this templ ate, you are not only likely to receive positive feedback from your instructor, you will also gain valuable insight into the scientific research and writing process.Relevant SourcesThe Writing CenterThoughtCo: How to Write a Lab Report

Women forced into prostitution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women forced into prostitution - Research Paper Example Research in many parts of the world has shown that women are most usually tricked into a life of prostitution and servitude. It is a life no one wants, for it brings shame, disrespect and dishonor not only to the woman concerned but also her family (Troubnikoff, 27). In fact, few self respecting individuals would want to associate with her. Not only does prostitution affect her physically, but women are also shown to have mental and psychological effects from these experiences. She cannot and usually does not marry, and in fact carries in her heart a lifelong hatred and disregard for men, especially those who have enticed or tricked her into this sordid way of life. Discussion History calls prostitution one of the oldest professions known to women. But how did women come to know the effect that their beauty had on men? Most likely it was the man who was enticed by her beauty and wanted to sleep with her. Scientists have maintained that men and women are attracted to very different th ings when it comes to love. For the man, it is almost always the physical attributes of a woman that are more attractive. For the woman, they say that she is more captivated by the nature of a man. This shows that men can be attracted in an instant, while women only after getting to know the nature of the person they prefer. Love poems and songs that speak of a woman’s smile, hair, eyes, smoothness of skin and body etc are almost always written by the male sex. In fact the whole cosmetic and fashion industry are based on this premise (Perkins, 12). The world loves both handsome men and beautiful women. They are the stuff of dreams and everyone wants to possess them or be close to them. A woman can be forced into prostitution for many reasons. Chief among them are economic reasons. If despite her education and upbringing, she cannot get a job to make ends meet or enough to support her parents and other siblings, then she may be forced to get into prostitution, especially if sh e is poor. However in places like Thailand and India, the truth is often worse. We find people who can entice even parents to part with one of their daughters under the guise of gainful employment in the city (Lim, 15). Unbeknown to them, once she is under his control, she is usually shipped off to the red light areas in busy cities and forced to please men and satisfy their sexual desires and perversions (Flowers, 80). She cannot communicate with her parents. Usually someone else even begins sending false letters to her family back home saying that she is doing fine. Then the letters stop under the pretext of finding another job etc. In this way she becomes a money-making machine for her paramour, pimp and madam, doing all the work while earning nothing in exchange. To avoid suspicion sometimes, human traffickers even send home some money in the beginning just to placate her family. Later on this is stopped as well as the communication (Cundiff, 2). We also have cases where playboy types get a girl to love them and then reveal their true identity as pimps after she has given up her body to them. It can start with the boy, lead to his friends, and finally when she is used to the money and the lifestyle, she is forced to join the sex industry by such created circumstances. At this point usually she has nowhere else to go and cannot tell anyone because of the shame she feels. As she gets used to this life and its demands, she learns to please and entice men. It becomes a game and a profession for her, just like any other (Carpenter, 18). Research has indicated that prostitution has a deep and lasting impact on women, especially those who have been tricked into this profession. They cannot

The Darker Side of Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The Darker Side of Marketing - Essay Example This paper approves that the tobacco industry has used such studies to target the young and uninformed. They have used deceptive advertising as a result of these findings in the form of marketing ‘low-tar’ cigarettes. They have also used cartoon-like characters to appeal to the youth consumer. To their delight, this strategy indeed generated sales as planned without an ethical thought as to the dishonesty of such practices or that this practice was particularly disgusting as it applies to youth smoking. The marketing of filtered and low-tar cigarettes were planned to comfort smokers worried about the health risks associated with the habit and to impart this new product as an alternative to not smoking. This report makes a conclusion that Tobacco companies have routinely researched the smoking habits of teenagers and competed vigorously with each other to design products and their accompanying marketing strategies to ensnare a segment of the youth smoking market. When young persons see cigarette logos linked with their heroes, excitement, speed and triumph, they are likely to lose sight of the grim realities of smoking; death, disease and addiction. An addictive product doesn't take much to hook a new customer. For the tobacco companies, the expense of giving away free samples is negligible compared to the potential for long-term gains, especially from new young customers.

MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS - Dissertation Example The trait of being self-confident and tolerant to stress plays a very important role to be creative and tactfully handle situation. Dominant nature of the individual helps to lead a team and organise managerial activities in his/her own way of working. The trait of being ambitious facilitates the process of achievement of certain task for the leader. As a researcher how would you establish if those traits are fundamental to the effectiveness of the leader? A leader should have the traits within to be successful in the implementation process. An informative leader has the capability to understand the methods and the processes to manage the technical aspects of the managerial activities for the different organisational units. The conceptual skill of the person grows the creativity and foresight involves in the process of judgment and manage critical situation in the organization. The interpersonal skill of an individual helps to understand the human behaviour or any processes and take decision according to the motives of the others and will be able to communicate with the surroundings. These are the traits required by a person to be a successful leader in the long run. Reference Changing Minds.org. (2011). Trait Theory.

Postnatal Depression and Social Exclusion

Postnatal Depression and Social Exclusion An essay Structural Requirements : The essay must include: What postnatal depression is; What is Post Natal Depression? Postnatal depression is a discrete clinical entity which appears to have a number of different aetiological factors. It does not appear to be greatly influenced by geography (Affonso et al 2000), or culture (Oates et al, 2004). A typical rate for detection of postnatal depression is quoted as about 13% of postnatal women (O’Hara et al 1996). It classically arises during the first three months post partum but the spread of onset is wide. (Cooper Murray 1995) One of the prime factors is considered to be the sudden postnatal drop in progesterone levels in the post partum days. (Nappi et al 2001) The placenta is responsible for the vast majority of circulating progesterone during pregnancy and it’s delivery is effectively responsible for the precipitate drop in levels post partum. There may also be other related hormonal changes including the fluctuations in prolactin levels (Hendrick et al 1998) and falling oestrogen and cortisol levels. (Halari et al. 2004) Symptoms can initially include irritability, tearfulness, insomnia, hypochondriasis, headache and impairment of concentration. There is a maximal incidence of these symptoms on about the fifth post partum day and these can progress to frank depressive symptoms over a variable period. (Ramsay et al 1995). There are various tools that can be used to measure the degree of depression and these include the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale,(Cox et al 1987), The Stein scale for maternity blues, (Stein 1980) and the Beck depression rating inventory. (Beck et al 1961). The key issues that affect the health and well being of people who are described as vulnerable'(in this case have postnatal depression); Key issues affecting vulnerable patients There have been a number of studies that look at the effectiveness of treatment of postnatal depression. One of the most recent publications (Dennis 2005) provides a meta-analysis of the factors which influence the outcome in the condition. The author concluded that the only strategy that was shown to have â€Å"a clear preventative effect† was intensive post-partum support from the healthcare professionals involved in the case. Curiously, this was found to be more effective than similar regimes which included an ante-natal component as well. The morbidity associated with postnatal depression has a number of potential consequences not only for the mother, but also the child and the rest of the family as well. (Oakley et al 1996) One of the most significant is the fact that one episode of postnatal depression is the greatest predictor (or risk factor) for another episode after subsequent pregnancies. The children are likely to have difficulties because of possible problems with bonding and the mother’s possible negative perceptions of the behaviour of the children. (Cooper Murray 1997) Some studies have shown that mothers with postnatal depression have derived beneficial help from social support during pregnancy. (Ray et al 2000). It would therefore appear that the key issues in this area are identification of the predictive factors that make postnatal depression more likely and then the provision of prompt supportive measures if those factors are established. Resources at local, regional national level that offer support to people with postnatal depression (my local area is hull, east york’ ); Local resources for support Apart from the more â€Å"traditional â€Å" resources of the primary healthcare team of the General Practice the Midwife and the Health Visitor, some centres have tried experiments with postnatal support worker provision (To the client: I don’t know if this is relevant to your area. If it is, you may wish to enlarge on this) (Morrell 2000). This particular study found that the patients found an high level of satisfaction with the service – but no more so than with the services provided by the rest of the primary healthcare team. Analysis of the results showed that the postnatal support worker helped to achieve higher levels of breast feeding, but had little impact on the severity or frequency of postnatal depression. One significant factor that was found, however, was that support from a partner was a significant positive factor in preventing severe postnatal depression. Must identify and reflect on appropriate communication strategies when working with vulnerable people; Communication strategies Several recent studies have shown that healthcare professionals often fail to spot the signs of postnatal depression. (Bick et al 1995). Making the diagnosis is obviously the prerequisite of establishing a treatment regime so it is clearly vital for all healthcare professionals to be on their guard for warning signs – sleep disturbance, irritability, mood swings and irrationality. (Ramsay et al 1995) Reflection and reflective practice is a vital part of effective nursing. (Gibbs 1998) . Each healthcare professional should ideally reflect upon their management of each individual case to decide whether they were communicating optimally with the patient and that they were fully receptive to all that was on the patient’s agenda. Communication is a two-way modality. Bulman (et al.2004) points to the need to understand, at a deeper level, just what it is the message that the patient is taking away from any interaction. Communication is therefore vital in the strategy to empower and educate the vulnerable patient. Must identify the role of the midwife / health visitor and other health and social care professionals in the promotion of social inclusion Role of midwife and Health Visitor The new mother is often at the centre of an emotional rollercoaster. The sudden culmination of nine months of expectation results (frequently) in a flurry of support from healthcare professionals and family, which then rapidly evaporates and the mother is left to deal with the new situation which is frequently stressful. (Kitzman et al 1997) The midwife can obviously help by preparing the ground in the antenatal period and offering support in the immediate postnatal period. (Dennis 2005). The health visitor is probably better placed to be aware of any developing warning signals that postnatal depression is developing, as they are likely to be in contact with the patient during the â€Å"high risk period†. (Cooper Murray 1995). It has been suggested that encouragement of the mother to attend the health visitor clinic rather than to have home visits is a positive way of encouraging social inclusion. (Seeley et al 1996) Studies which have looked at the cost-effectiveness of using community postnatal support service workers have shown no benefit over the more traditional midwife and Health Visitor support. (Morrell et al 2000) References Affonso DD, De AK, Horowitz JA, Mayberry LJ. 2000  An international study exploring levels of postpartum depressive symptomatology.  J Psychosom Res 2000;49: 207-16. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Baugh J. 1961  An inventory for measuring depression.  Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71. Bick D, MacArthur C. 1995  The extent, severity and effect of health problems after childbirth.  Br J Midwifery 1995; 3: 27-31 Bulman Schultz 2004  Reflective Practice in Nursing  The Growth of the Professional Practitioner Third Edition  Edited By: CHRIS BULMAN, School of Health Care, Oxford Brookes University SUE SCHUTZ, Oxford Brookes University 2004 Cooper Murra 1995  Course and recurrence of postnatal depression. Evidence for the specificity of the diagnostic concept  The British Journal of Psychiatry 166: 191-195 (1995) Cooper P, Murray L. 1997  Prediction, detection, and treatment of postnatal depression.  Arch Dis Child 1997;77: 97-9   Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. 1987  Detection of post-natal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh post-natal depression scale.  Br J Psychiatry 1987;150:782-6. Dennis C-L. 2005 Psychosocial and psychological interventions for prevention of postnatal depression: systematic review BMJ, Jul 2005; 331: 15.   Gibbs, G (1998)  Learning by doing: A guide to Teaching and Learning methods EMU Oxford Brookes University, Oxford. 1998 Halari, V. Kumari, R. Mehrotra, M. Wheeler, M. Hines, and T. Sharma 2004  The Relationship of Sex Hormones and Cortisol with Cognitive functioning in Schizophrenia  J Psychopharmacol, September 1, 2004; 18(3): 366 374.   Hendrick, L. L. Altshuler, and R. Suri 1998  Hormonal Changes in the Postpartum and Implications for Postpartum Depression  Psychosomatics, April 1, 1998; 39(2): 93 101 Kitzman H, Olds DL, Henderson CR, Hanks C, Cole R, Tatelbaum R, et al. L 1997  Effect of prenatal and infancy home visitation by nurses on pregnancy outcomes, childhood injuries, and repeated childbearing.  JAMA 1997; 278: 644-652 Nappi, F. Petraglia, S. Luisi, F. Polatti, C. Farina, and A. R. Genazzani 2001  Serum Allopregnanolone in Women With Postpartum Blues  Obstet. Gynecol., January 1, 2001; 97(1): 77 80. Oakley A, Hickey D, Rajan L. 1996  Social support in pregnancy: does it have long-term effects?  J Reprod Infant Psychol 1996; 14: 7-22. Oates MR, Cox JL, Neema S, Asten P, Glangeaud-Freudenthal N, Figueiredo B, et al. 2004  Postnatal depression across countries and cultures: a qualitative study.  Br J Psychiatry Suppl 2004;46: s10-6. OHara M, Swain A. 1996  Rates and risk of postpartum depression—a meta-analysis.  Int Rev Psychiatry 1996;8: 37-54. Ramsay. R and T. Fahy 1995  Recent Advances: Psychiatry  BMJ, July 15, 1995; 311(6998): 167 170. Ray KL, Hodnett ED. 2000  Caregiver support for postpartum depression. In: Cochrane Collaboration,ed. Cochrane Library. Issue 1.  Oxford: Update Software, 2000. Seeley S, Murray L, Cooper PJ. 1996  The outcome for mothers and babies of health visitor intervention.  Health Visitor 1996;69:135-138. Stein GS. 1980  The pattern of mental change and body weight in the first post partum week.  J Psychosom Res 1980;24:1165-71. PDG. Word count 1,665

Marketing Final Exam :: brand image for country

Q1. Asian nations are beginning to brand themselves. Considering the country you researched this semester, propose a strategy to create a brand image for the particular country. Based on your knowledge about the country, what might be the biggest three challenges of executing your strategy and how might they be addressed? Brand Image: Sri Lanka – The Southern Asian Dynamic This brand image for Sri Lanka would be an accurate depiction because of the increase in change the country is always experiencing. Sri Lanka has plans in place for future national development to help better the country, with the help and use of humanitarian support from ally countries. Their national development plan also includes Sri Lanka is also known for their quality in exported goods. The quality of goods exported from Sri Lanka tends to be of a higher quality. Above all, Sri Lanka has a great human development rate, which means that the labor force has the potential to be powerful. A strategy I would use to create this brand image would be to promote and advertise the quality of the goods produced in their home country. Promotion for planned national development would also be carried out. The advertising and promotions would take place to target countries that would benefit from importing goods from Sri Lanka. The brands or goods that are exported promote the country and contribute to creating the desired brand. The country (its’ government) needs to promote the brands of goods being exported also. While Sri Lanka has the potential to be powerful, challenges could stand in the way of executing a marketing strategy. Building a brand for a product is not the same as building a brand for a country. A country would need to leverage all of their unique and positive qualities in order to be able to successfully promote themselves the way they plan to. If the government places strict laws on exporting goods, this could hurt the marketing strategy of promoting the country as a brand as well. Another challenge would be that the political violence in Sri Lanka could hurt the creation of the brand image. Countries who would like to import goods from Sri Lanka may see the political violence as an issue that they would prefer to steer clear of. Q2. In which category of innovations do microwaves fall in India? As VP of White Appliances, how would you use the knowledge about the five characteristics of innovations to facilitate quicker diffusion of the product?